SRX377278 GSM1263776 SRP032973 GSE52345 SRS502067 GSM1263776 RNA-Seq TRANSCRIPTOMIC size fractionation Gonidia and somatic cells were separated by Dounce homogenizer. Total RNAs were extracted from Volvox whole colonies, gonidia and somatic cells using TRIzol reagent (Invitrogen). Small RNAs were isolated from total RNA. Small RNAs were fractionated on a 15% PAGE gel. 18-28 nt small RNAs were purified and ligased to 3’ RNA linker-1 (IDT). 3’ ligation products were fractionated on 15% PAGE gel and 36~44 nt ligation products were purified and ligased to 5’ RNA linker. Ligation products were reverse transcribed by Supersript III (Invitrogen) and amplified by PCR. Poly(A)+ RNA were purified from total RNA by oligodT resin (Qiagen) and ligased to 5’ RNA linker. Ligation products were purified and reversed transcribed with RACER RT primer by Superscript III (Invitrogen). First strand cDNA were amplified by linker and RACER primers and digested by MmeI (NEB). Digestion products were purified and ligased to dsDNA linker. Ligation products were amplified by linker and dsDNA linker primers. Illumina Genome Analyzer IIx GEO Sample GSM1263776 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSM1263776 gds 301263776 GEO Accession GSM1263776 SRX377279 GSM1263777 SRP032973 GSE52345 SRS502070 GSM1263777 RNA-Seq TRANSCRIPTOMIC size fractionation Gonidia and somatic cells were separated by Dounce homogenizer. Total RNAs were extracted from Volvox whole colonies, gonidia and somatic cells using TRIzol reagent (Invitrogen). Small RNAs were isolated from total RNA. Small RNAs were fractionated on a 15% PAGE gel. 18-28 nt small RNAs were purified and ligased to 3’ RNA linker-1 (IDT). 3’ ligation products were fractionated on 15% PAGE gel and 36~44 nt ligation products were purified and ligased to 5’ RNA linker. Ligation products were reverse transcribed by Supersript III (Invitrogen) and amplified by PCR. Poly(A)+ RNA were purified from total RNA by oligodT resin (Qiagen) and ligased to 5’ RNA linker. Ligation products were purified and reversed transcribed with RACER RT primer by Superscript III (Invitrogen). First strand cDNA were amplified by linker and RACER primers and digested by MmeI (NEB). Digestion products were purified and ligased to dsDNA linker. Ligation products were amplified by linker and dsDNA linker primers. Illumina Genome Analyzer IIx GEO Sample GSM1263777 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSM1263777 gds 301263777 GEO Accession GSM1263777 SRX377280 GSM1263778 SRP032973 GSE52345 SRS502068 GSM1263778 RNA-Seq TRANSCRIPTOMIC size fractionation Gonidia and somatic cells were separated by Dounce homogenizer. Total RNAs were extracted from Volvox whole colonies, gonidia and somatic cells using TRIzol reagent (Invitrogen). Small RNAs were isolated from total RNA. Small RNAs were fractionated on a 15% PAGE gel. 18-28 nt small RNAs were purified and ligased to 3’ RNA linker-1 (IDT). 3’ ligation products were fractionated on 15% PAGE gel and 36~44 nt ligation products were purified and ligased to 5’ RNA linker. Ligation products were reverse transcribed by Supersript III (Invitrogen) and amplified by PCR. Poly(A)+ RNA were purified from total RNA by oligodT resin (Qiagen) and ligased to 5’ RNA linker. Ligation products were purified and reversed transcribed with RACER RT primer by Superscript III (Invitrogen). First strand cDNA were amplified by linker and RACER primers and digested by MmeI (NEB). Digestion products were purified and ligased to dsDNA linker. Ligation products were amplified by linker and dsDNA linker primers. Illumina Genome Analyzer IIx GEO Sample GSM1263778 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSM1263778 gds 301263778 GEO Accession GSM1263778 SRX377281 GSM1263779 SRP032973 GSE52345 SRS502069 GSM1263779 RNA-Seq TRANSCRIPTOMIC cDNA Gonidia and somatic cells were separated by Dounce homogenizer. Total RNAs were extracted from Volvox whole colonies, gonidia and somatic cells using TRIzol reagent (Invitrogen). Small RNAs were isolated from total RNA. Small RNAs were fractionated on a 15% PAGE gel. 18-28 nt small RNAs were purified and ligased to 3’ RNA linker-1 (IDT). 3’ ligation products were fractionated on 15% PAGE gel and 36~44 nt ligation products were purified and ligased to 5’ RNA linker. Ligation products were reverse transcribed by Supersript III (Invitrogen) and amplified by PCR. Poly(A)+ RNA were purified from total RNA by oligodT resin (Qiagen) and ligased to 5’ RNA linker. Ligation products were purified and reversed transcribed with RACER RT primer by Superscript III (Invitrogen). First strand cDNA were amplified by linker and RACER primers and digested by MmeI (NEB). Digestion products were purified and ligased to dsDNA linker. Ligation products were amplified by linker and dsDNA linker primers. Illumina Genome Analyzer IIx GEO Sample GSM1263779 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSM1263779 gds 301263779 GEO Accession GSM1263779