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    <DESCRIPTION>53 patients were enrolled in the study, including 26 caries-active (CA) and 27 caries-free (CF) adults. Patients were considered CA if they had 3 active caries lesions (ICDAS score 1-3), and CF if they had either ICDAS score 0 or ICDAS score of 1-3 where the lesion is inactive. At the start of the study subjects were instructed how to brush their teeth twice a day and had a washout period of one week using a dentifrice containing 1450 ppm fluoride as sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP) and an insoluble calcium compound. After 1 week, supragingival dental plaque was collected from either three active caries lesions sites in CA patients or 3 caries free sites in caries free patients by a sterile spoon excavator. Samples from the same participant were pooled in a tube containing RNAprotect (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany), thoroughly resuspended and placed into dry ice to flash freeze, which was named Baseline. At this point, patients continued to use the same 1,450 ppm MFP dentifrice with an insoluble calcium compound used during the washout period. After 3 months, another sample from the same sites was taken and processed by the same procedure (we refer to these samples as Fluoride). Patients received then a dentifrice with 1.5% arginine, 1450 ppm fluoride as a sodium MFP and an insoluble calcium compound, which they used for an additional 6 months. After 6 months, a third set of samples was collected and termed Fl-Arg. Sampling at all time points was repeated a week after the initial visit to have a replicate of samples collected. Replicates were combined to obtain enough nucleic acids concentration to perform the metagenome and metatranscriptome analyses. The same CA or CF teeth were sampled at every collection time point. Patients were asked to visit the clinic at least 12 hours after their last teeth brushing, meal or drink (anything but water).</DESCRIPTION>
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    <DESCRIPTION>53 patients were enrolled in the study, including 26 caries-active (CA) and 27 caries-free (CF) adults. Patients were considered CA if they had 3 active caries lesions (ICDAS score 1-3), and CF if they had either ICDAS score 0 or ICDAS score of 1-3 where the lesion is inactive. At the start of the study subjects were instructed how to brush their teeth twice a day and had a washout period of one week using a dentifrice containing 1450 ppm fluoride as sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP) and an insoluble calcium compound. After 1 week, supragingival dental plaque was collected from either three active caries lesions sites in CA patients or 3 caries free sites in caries free patients by a sterile spoon excavator. Samples from the same participant were pooled in a tube containing RNAprotect (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany), thoroughly resuspended and placed into dry ice to flash freeze, which was named Baseline. At this point, patients continued to use the same 1,450 ppm MFP dentifrice with an insoluble calcium compound used during the washout period. After 3 months, another sample from the same sites was taken and processed by the same procedure (we refer to these samples as Fluoride). Patients received then a dentifrice with 1.5% arginine, 1450 ppm fluoride as a sodium MFP and an insoluble calcium compound, which they used for an additional 6 months. After 6 months, a third set of samples was collected and termed Fl-Arg. Sampling at all time points was repeated a week after the initial visit to have a replicate of samples collected. Replicates were combined to obtain enough nucleic acids concentration to perform the metagenome and metatranscriptome analyses. The same CA or CF teeth were sampled at every collection time point. Patients were asked to visit the clinic at least 12 hours after their last teeth brushing, meal or drink (anything but water).</DESCRIPTION>
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    <DESCRIPTION>53 patients were enrolled in the study, including 26 caries-active (CA) and 27 caries-free (CF) adults. Patients were considered CA if they had 3 active caries lesions (ICDAS score 1-3), and CF if they had either ICDAS score 0 or ICDAS score of 1-3 where the lesion is inactive. At the start of the study subjects were instructed how to brush their teeth twice a day and had a washout period of one week using a dentifrice containing 1450 ppm fluoride as sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP) and an insoluble calcium compound. After 1 week, supragingival dental plaque was collected from either three active caries lesions sites in CA patients or 3 caries free sites in caries free patients by a sterile spoon excavator. Samples from the same participant were pooled in a tube containing RNAprotect (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany), thoroughly resuspended and placed into dry ice to flash freeze, which was named Baseline. At this point, patients continued to use the same 1,450 ppm MFP dentifrice with an insoluble calcium compound used during the washout period. After 3 months, another sample from the same sites was taken and processed by the same procedure (we refer to these samples as Fluoride). Patients received then a dentifrice with 1.5% arginine, 1450 ppm fluoride as a sodium MFP and an insoluble calcium compound, which they used for an additional 6 months. After 6 months, a third set of samples was collected and termed Fl-Arg. Sampling at all time points was repeated a week after the initial visit to have a replicate of samples collected. Replicates were combined to obtain enough nucleic acids concentration to perform the metagenome and metatranscriptome analyses. The same CA or CF teeth were sampled at every collection time point. Patients were asked to visit the clinic at least 12 hours after their last teeth brushing, meal or drink (anything but water).</DESCRIPTION>
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    <TITLE>Supragingival dental plaque from caries-active group after Fluoride treatment</TITLE>
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    <DESCRIPTION>53 patients were enrolled in the study, including 26 caries-active (CA) and 27 caries-free (CF) adults. Patients were considered CA if they had 3 active caries lesions (ICDAS score 1-3), and CF if they had either ICDAS score 0 or ICDAS score of 1-3 where the lesion is inactive. At the start of the study subjects were instructed how to brush their teeth twice a day and had a washout period of one week using a dentifrice containing 1450 ppm fluoride as sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP) and an insoluble calcium compound. After 1 week, supragingival dental plaque was collected from either three active caries lesions sites in CA patients or 3 caries free sites in caries free patients by a sterile spoon excavator. Samples from the same participant were pooled in a tube containing RNAprotect (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany), thoroughly resuspended and placed into dry ice to flash freeze, which was named Baseline. At this point, patients continued to use the same 1,450 ppm MFP dentifrice with an insoluble calcium compound used during the washout period. After 3 months, another sample from the same sites was taken and processed by the same procedure (we refer to these samples as Fluoride). Patients received then a dentifrice with 1.5% arginine, 1450 ppm fluoride as a sodium MFP and an insoluble calcium compound, which they used for an additional 6 months. After 6 months, a third set of samples was collected and termed Fl-Arg. Sampling at all time points was repeated a week after the initial visit to have a replicate of samples collected. Replicates were combined to obtain enough nucleic acids concentration to perform the metagenome and metatranscriptome analyses. The same CA or CF teeth were sampled at every collection time point. Patients were asked to visit the clinic at least 12 hours after their last teeth brushing, meal or drink (anything but water).</DESCRIPTION>
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    <TITLE>Metagenome or environmental sample from Homo sapiens oral sample</TITLE>
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    <DESCRIPTION>53 patients were enrolled in the study, including 26 caries-active (CA) and 27 caries-free (CF) adults. Patients were considered CA if they had 3 active caries lesions (ICDAS score 1-3), and CF if they had either ICDAS score 0 or ICDAS score of 1-3 where the lesion is inactive. At the start of the study subjects were instructed how to brush their teeth twice a day and had a washout period of one week using a dentifrice containing 1450 ppm fluoride as sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP) and an insoluble calcium compound. After 1 week, supragingival dental plaque was collected from either three active caries lesions sites in CA patients or 3 caries free sites in caries free patients by a sterile spoon excavator. Samples from the same participant were pooled in a tube containing RNAprotect (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany), thoroughly resuspended and placed into dry ice to flash freeze, which was named Baseline. At this point, patients continued to use the same 1,450 ppm MFP dentifrice with an insoluble calcium compound used during the washout period. After 3 months, another sample from the same sites was taken and processed by the same procedure (we refer to these samples as Fluoride). Patients received then a dentifrice with 1.5% arginine, 1450 ppm fluoride as a sodium MFP and an insoluble calcium compound, which they used for an additional 6 months. After 6 months, a third set of samples was collected and termed Fl-Arg. Sampling at all time points was repeated a week after the initial visit to have a replicate of samples collected. Replicates were combined to obtain enough nucleic acids concentration to perform the metagenome and metatranscriptome analyses. The same CA or CF teeth were sampled at every collection time point. Patients were asked to visit the clinic at least 12 hours after their last teeth brushing, meal or drink (anything but water).</DESCRIPTION>
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