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The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of non- and modified rapeseed meal (RSM) on pig gut microbiota during adaptation period by swine large intestine in vitro model (SLIM). Swine gut microbiota was fed with pre-digested protein-free RSM which was i) non-modified (CON) or modified by ii) Cellulase (CELL), iii) Pectinase 1 (PECT1), iv) Pectinase 2 (PECT2), or Alkaline (ALK). The V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced to evaluate the gut microbiota composition, whereas short chain fatty acid was used to assess fiber degradation. The results show that Shannon Index significantly decreased during the RSM adaptation period, while there were no considerable difference between CON and modified RSM. Adaptive gPCA showed that CELL and ALK had bigger effect on the microbiota composition than PCET1 and PCET2, which were all bigger than CON. The relative abundance of Family Prevotellaceae was significant higher in CELL treatment compared to others. ALK treatment significantly increased family Bacteroidaceae, and genus Bacteroides. the relative abundance of Dorea, Allisonella, and FamilyXIIIUCG_001 were significantly increased after 24 h adaptation, and Parabacteroides, Mogibacterium, Intestinimonas, Oscillibacter, RuminococcaceaeUCG_009, Acidaminococcus, Sutterella, and Citrobacter were significantly higher in time point 48 compared to the earlier time points. Prevotella 9 had significant positive correlation with propionic and valeric acid, while Mogibacterium had negative correlation with them. Acetic and caproic acid significantly negatively correlated with Prevotella 9, whereas positively correlated with acetic and caproic acid. PCA plot of Enzyme Classification numbers suggested that 48 h fermentation might be enough for swine gut microbiota to reach its maximum enzyme potential. There was no significant difference in Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) between non- modified and modified RSM. Overall, degradability in the processed RSM was not improved compared to CON during the RSM adaptation period, which indicated that feed efficiency might be lower than it should be during the adaptation period after supplementing with RSM in animal production. |